PHP: sprintf() function

Last update on August 19 2022 21:50:39 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Description

The sprintf() function creates a formatted string from one or more arguments.

Version:

(PHP 4 and above)

Syntax:

sprintf(format_string ,arg1, arg2, arg3....)

Parameters:

Name	Description	Required / Optional	Type
format	Each conversion specification starts with a single percent sign (%) and ends with the following conversion characters. % - returns a percent sign. b - the argument is treated as an integer and display it as a binary number. c - the argument is treated as an integer and display it as a ASCII value. d - the argument is treated as an integer and display as a signed decimal number. e - the argument is treated as scientific notation (e.g. 1.2e+2). E - the argument treated as scientific notation (e.g.1.2E+2). u - the argument is treated as an integer, and display as an unsigned decimal number. f- the argument is treated as a float, and display as a floating-point number. (local aware) F - the argument is treated as a float, and display as a floating-point number (non-locale aware). g - shorter of %e and %f. G - shorter of %E and %f. o- the argument is treated as an integer, and display as an octal number. s - the argument is treated as string and display as a string. x - the argument is treated as an integer and display as a hexadecimal number (with lowercase letters). X - the argument is treated as an integer and display as a hexadecimal number (with uppercase letters). Optional specification : Sign specifier : display a sign (+ or -) in front a number. By default a - sign is used in front of a number if it is negative. Padding character : Default character is space. An alternate padding character can be specified by prefixing it with a single quote. Alignment specifier. : - character makes the alignment left-justified. The default is right justified. Width specifier : An integer number specifies the width of the field. Precision specifier : The argument specify how many decimal number should be displayed for floating numbers. When using this specifier on a string, it acts as a cutoff point, setting a maximum character limit to the string.	Required	String
arg1	The argument to be added as the first %-sign in the formatted string.	Required	Mixed
arg2, arg3...	These arguments will added as second %, third % etc. in the formatted string.	Optional	Mixed

*Mixed : Mixed indicates that a parameter may accept multiple (but not necessarily all) types.

Return value:

A formatted string

Value Type: String.

Pictorial Presentation

php-string-sprintf()

Example - 1:

<?php
$string1 = "Hello";
$var1 = 12;
$formatted_string = sprintf('%s, we are learning the %uth chapter of PHP.',$string1, $var1);
echo $formatted_string;
?>

Output:

Hello, we are learning the 12th chapter of PHP.

View the example1 in the browser

Example - 2:

<?php
$var1 = 5008;
$var2 = -5008;
echo sprintf("Binary format  of   $var1 = '%b'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Hexadecimal format (lower case)  of   $var1 = '%x'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Hexadecimal format (upper case)  of   $var1 = '%X'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Octal format of   $var1 = '%o'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Scientific notation format of   $var1 = '%e'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Unsigned integer representation of a positive integer format of $var1 = '%u'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Unsigned integer representation of a negative integer format of $var1 = '%u'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Floating point representation of a negative integer format of $var1 = '%f'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Floating point representation of a negative integer format of $var1 = '%f'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Floating point representation of a negative integer format of $var1 = '%f'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Sign specifier on a positive integer format of $var1 = '%+d'", $var1).'<br>';
echo sprintf("Sign specifier on a positive integer format of $var2 = '%+d'", $var2).'<br>';
?>

Output:

Binary format  of   5008 = '1001110010000'
Hexadecimal format (lower   case)  of   5008 = '1390'
Hexadecimal format (upper case)  of   5008 =   '1390'
Octal format of   5008 = '11620'
Scientific notation   format of   5008 = '5.008000e+3'
Unsigned integer representation of a positive integer format of 5008 = '5008'
Unsigned integer representation of a negative integer format of 5008 = '5008'
Floating   point representation of a negative integer format of 5008 =   '5008.000000'
Floating point representation of a negative integer   format of 5008 = '5008.000000'
Floating point representation of a negative integer format of 5008 = '5008.000000'
Sign specifier on a positive integer format of 5008 = '+5008'
Sign specifier on a positive integer format of -5008 = '-5008'

View the example2 in the browser

See also

PHP Function Reference

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