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Java program to calculate sum of squares of odd and even numbers using lambda expression

Java Lambda Program: Exercise-15 with Solution

Write a Java program to implement a lambda expression to calculate the sum of squares of all odd and even numbers in a list.

Sample Solution:

Java Code:

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Create a list of integers
    List < Integer > nums = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
    System.out.println("Original list elements: " + nums);
    // Calculate the sum of squares of odd numbers using lambda expression
    int sum_squares_odd = nums.stream()
      .filter(n -> n % 2 != 0)
      .mapToInt(n -> n * n)
      .sum();

    // Calculate the sum of squares of even numbers using lambda expression
    int sum_squares_even = nums.stream()
      .filter(n -> n % 2 == 0)
      .mapToInt(n -> n * n)
      .sum();

    // Print the results
    System.out.println("\nSum of squares of odd numbers: " + sum_squares_odd);
    System.out.println("\nSum of squares of even numbers: " + sum_squares_even);
  }
}

Sample Output:

Original list elements: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

Sum of squares of odd numbers: 165

Sum of squares of even numbers: 220

Explanation:

The necessary classes are imported: Arrays and Lists.

In the main method, we create a list of integers called nums using Arrays.asList().

A lambda expression is used to calculate the sum of squares of odd numbers:

  • Use the stream() method to create a stream of integers from the nums list.
  • Use the filter() method to filter out odd numbers by checking if the remainder of dividing the number by 2 is not equal to 0.
  • Use the mapToInt() method to square each odd number.
  • Use the sum() method to calculate the sum of squares of odd numbers.
  • Store the result in the variable sum_squares_odd.

A similar lambda expression is used to calculate the sum of squares of even numbers:

  • Use the filter() method to filter out even numbers by checking if the remainder of dividing the number by 2 is equal to 0.
  • Store the result in the variable sum_squares_even.

Finally, System.out.println() function prints the result.

Flowchart:

Flowchart: Java  Exercises: Java program to calculate sum of squares of odd and even numbers using lambda expression.

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Java: Tips of the Day

Hashset vs Treeset:

HashSet is much faster than TreeSet (constant-time versus log-time for most operations like add, remove and contains) but offers no ordering guarantees like TreeSet.

HashSet

  • the class offers constant time performance for the basic operations (add, remove, contains and size).
  • it does not guarantee that the order of elements will remain constant over time
  • iteration performance depends on the initial capacity and the load factor of the HashSet.
  • It's quite safe to accept default load factor but you may want to specify an initial capacity that's about twice the size to which you expect the set to grow.

TreeSet

  • guarantees log(n) time cost for the basic operations (add, remove and contains)
  • guarantees that elements of set will be sorted (ascending, natural, or the one specified by you via its constructor) (implements SortedSet)
  • doesn't offer any tuning parameters for iteration performance
  • offers a few handy methods to deal with the ordered set like first(), last(), headSet(), and tailSet() etc

Important points:

  • Both guarantee duplicate-free collection of elements
  • It is generally faster to add elements to the HashSet and then convert the collection to a TreeSet for a duplicate-free sorted traversal.
  • None of these implementations are synchronized. That is if multiple threads access a set concurrently, and at least one of the threads modifies the set, it must be synchronized externally.
  • LinkedHashSet is in some sense intermediate between HashSet and TreeSet. Implemented as a hash table with a linked list running through it, however,it provides insertion-ordered iteration which is not same as sorted traversal guaranteed by TreeSet.

So a choice of usage depends entirely on your needs but I feel that even if you need an ordered collection then you should still prefer HashSet to create the Set and then convert it into TreeSet.

  • e.g. SortedSet<String> s = new TreeSet<String>(hashSet);

Ref: https://bit.ly/3d3waGh

 





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