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Python: Create a Caesar encryption

Python String: Exercise-25 with Solution

Write a Python program to create a Caesar encryption.

Note: In cryptography, a Caesar cipher, also known as Caesar's cipher, the shift cipher, Caesar's code or Caesar shift, is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, with a left shift of 3, D would be replaced by A, E would become B, and so on. The method is named after Julius Caesar, who used it in his private correspondence.

Python String Exercises: Create a Caesar encryption

Sample Solution:-

Python Code:

#https://gist.github.com/nchitalov/2f2b03e5cf1e19da1525
def caesar_encrypt(realText, step):
	outText = []
	cryptText = []
	
	uppercase = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']
	lowercase = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z']

	for eachLetter in realText:
		if eachLetter in uppercase:
			index = uppercase.index(eachLetter)
			crypting = (index + step) % 26
			cryptText.append(crypting)
			newLetter = uppercase[crypting]
			outText.append(newLetter)
		elif eachLetter in lowercase:
			index = lowercase.index(eachLetter)
			crypting = (index + step) % 26
			cryptText.append(crypting)
			newLetter = lowercase[crypting]
			outText.append(newLetter)
	return outText

code = caesar_encrypt('abc', 2)
print()
print(code)
print()

Sample Output:

['c', 'd', 'e']

Flowchart:

Flowchart: Create a Caesar encryption

Visualize Python code execution:

The following tool visualize what the computer is doing step-by-step as it executes the said program:

Python Code Editor:

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Python: Tips of the Day

Check if a given key already exists in a dictionary:

In is the intended way to test for the existence of a key in a dict.

d = {"key1": 10, "key2": 23}

if "key1" in d:
    print("this will execute")

if "nonexistent key" in d:
    print("this will not")

If you wanted a default, you can always use dict.get():

d = dict()

for i in range(100):
    key = i % 10
    d[key] = d.get(key, 0) + 1

and if you wanted to always ensure a default value for any key you can either use dict.setdefault() repeatedly or defaultdict from the collections module, like so:

from collections import defaultdict

d = defaultdict(int)

for i in range(100):
    d[i % 10] += 1

but in general, the in keyword is the best way to do it.

Ref: https://bit.ly/2XPMRyz