Python GUI Program: Creating a menu bar with Tkinter

Python tkinter widgets: Exercise-15 with Solution

Write a Python GUI program to create a Menu bar with File, Edit, and Help menus, each containing submenu items using tkinter module.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import Menu

def new_file():
    print("New File")

def open_file():
    print("Open File")

def save_file():
    print("Save File")

def cut_text():
    print("Cut Text")

def copy_text():
    print("Copy Text")

def paste_text():
    print("Paste Text")

def about():
    print("About this application")

parent = tk.Tk()
parent.title("Tkinter Application")

# Create a menu bar
menu_bar = Menu(parent)
parent.config(menu=menu_bar)

# Create File menu and submenu items
file_menu = Menu(menu_bar, tearoff=0)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=file_menu)
file_menu.add_command(label="New", command=new_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Open", command=open_file)
file_menu.add_command(label="Save", command=save_file)
file_menu.add_separator()
file_menu.add_command(label="Exit", command=parent.quit)

# Create Edit menu and submenu items
edit_menu = Menu(menu_bar, tearoff=0)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label="Edit", menu=edit_menu)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Cut", command=cut_text)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Copy", command=copy_text)
edit_menu.add_command(label="Paste", command=paste_text)
# Create Help menu and submenu items
help_menu = Menu(menu_bar, tearoff=0)
menu_bar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=help_menu)
help_menu.add_command(label="About", command=about)
parent.mainloop()

Explanation:

In the exercise above -

• Import the required libraries, including tkinter for GUI elements and "Menu" for creating menus.
• Define several functions ("new_file()", "open_file()", "save_file()", "cut_text()", "copy_text()", "paste_text()", and "about()") that will be executed when submenu items are clicked. You can replace print statements with actual functionality.
• Create the main window using tk.Tk() and set its title.
• Create a menu bar using Menu(root) and set it as the main menu using root.config(menu=menu_bar).
• Create three menus: 'File', 'Edit', and 'Help', using Menu(menu_bar, tearoff=0). The tearoff option specifies whether the menu can be torn off as a separate window (0 means no).
• Add submenu items to each menu using menu.add_command(label="Item Label", command=callback_function). Label specifies the item's label, and command specifies the action to take when the item is clicked.
• Use menu_bar.add_cascade(label="Menu Name", menu=menu) to add each menu to the menu bar.
• The main event loop, root.mainloop(), starts the GUI application.

Sample Output:

New File
Cut Text
About this application

Flowchart:

Python Code Editor:

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