C Exercises: Multiplication of two Matrices
21. Matrix Multiplication
Write a program in C for the multiplication of two square matrices.
The task is to write a C program that performs multiplication of two square matrices. The program prompts the user to input the dimensions and elements for two matrices of the same size, computes their product, and displays the original matrices along with their multiplication result.
Visual Presentation:
Sample Solution:
C Code:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// Declare matrices and variables
int arr1[50][50], brr1[50][50], crr1[50][50], i, j, k, r1, c1, r2, c2, sum = 0;
// Display multiplication of two matrices
printf("\n\nMultiplication of two Matrices :\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
// Input rows and columns of the first matrix
printf("\nInput the rows and columns of the first matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r1, &c1);
// Input rows and columns of the second matrix
printf("\nInput the rows and columns of the second matrix: ");
scanf("%d %d", &r2, &c2);
// Check if multiplication is possible
if (c1 != r2) {
printf("Multiplication of matrices is not possible.\n");
printf("Column of the first matrix and row of the second matrix must be the same.\n");
} else {
// Input elements in the first matrix
printf("Input elements in the first matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < c1; j++) {
printf("element - [%d],[%d] : ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &arr1[i][j]);
}
}
// Input elements in the second matrix
printf("Input elements in the second matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r2; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < c2; j++) {
printf("element - [%d],[%d] : ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &brr1[i][j]);
}
}
// Display the first matrix
printf("\nThe First matrix is:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
printf("\n");
for (j = 0; j < c1; j++)
printf("%d\t", arr1[i][j]);
}
// Display the second matrix
printf("\nThe Second matrix is:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r2; i++) {
printf("\n");
for (j = 0; j < c2; j++)
printf("%d\t", brr1[i][j]);
}
// Matrix multiplication
for (i = 0; i < r1; i++) { // Row of first matrix
for (j = 0; j < c2; j++) { // Column of second matrix
sum = 0;
for (k = 0; k < c1; k++)
sum = sum + arr1[i][k] * brr1[k][j];
crr1[i][j] = sum;
}
}
// Display the result of matrix multiplication
printf("\nThe multiplication of two matrices is:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r1; i++) {
printf("\n");
for (j = 0; j < c2; j++)
printf("%d\t", crr1[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\n\n");
return 0;
}
Sample Output:
Multiplication of two Matrices :
----------------------------------
Input the rows and columns of first matrix : 2
2
Input the rows and columns of second matrix : 2
2
Input elements in the first matrix :
element - [0],[0] : 1
element - [0],[1] : 2
element - [1],[0] : 3
element - [1],[1] : 4
Input elements in the second matrix :
element - [0],[0] : 5
element - [0],[1] : 6
element - [1],[0] : 7
element - [1],[1] : 8
The First matrix is :
1 2
3 4
The Second matrix is :
5 6
7 8
The multiplication of two matrices is :
19 22
43 50
Flowchart:
For more Practice: Solve these Related Problems:
- Write a C program to multiply two square matrices and then display the sum of each row in the product.
- Write a C program to multiply two matrices using recursion.
- Write a C program to multiply two matrices and then transpose the resulting matrix.
- Write a C program to perform matrix multiplication using dynamic memory allocation for the matrices.
C Programming Code Editor:
Previous: Write a program in C for subtraction of two Matrices.
Next: Write a program in C to find transpose of a given matrix.
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