w3resource

C++ Stack Exercises: Implement a stack using a dynamic array with push, pop

C++ Stack: Exercise-20 with Solution

Write a C++ program to implement a stack using a dynamic array with push and pop operations. Find the top element of the stack and check if the stack is empty or not.

Test Data:
Input the size of the stack: Is the stack empty? Yes
Input some elements onto the stack:
Stack elements are: 9 7 5 3 1
Is the stack full? No

Sample Solution:

C++ Code:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Stack {
private:
	// Dynamic array to store elements
    int* arra;     
    int top;        // Index of top element
    int capacity;   // Maximum size of the stack
public:
    // Constructor to initialize the stack with a given size
    Stack(int size) {
        arra = new int[size]; // Allocate memory for the stack array
        top = -1;       // Initialize top index to -1 (empty stack)
        capacity = size; // Set the maximum capacity of the stack
    }

    // Function to push an element onto the stack
    bool push(int x) {
        if (isFull()) {
            cout << "Stack overflow" << endl; // Display overflow message if the stack is full
            return false;
        }
        // Add element to array by incrementing top index
        arra[++top] = x;
        return true;
    }

    // Function to pop an element from the stack
    int pop() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            cout << "Stack underflow" << endl; // Display underflow message if the stack is empty
            return 0;
        }
        // Return the top element and decrement the index of the top element
        return arra[top--];
    }

    // Function to peek the top element of the stack without removing it
    int peek() {
        if (isEmpty()) {
            cout << "Stack is empty" << endl; // Display message if the stack is empty
            return 0;
        }
        // Return the top element without modifying the top index
        return arra[top];
    }

    // Function to check if the stack is empty
    bool isEmpty() {
	// Stack is empty if top index is -1
        return (top < 0);
    }

    // Function to check if the stack is full
    bool isFull() {
	// Stack is full if top index is equal to capacity - 1
        return (top >= capacity - 1);
    }

    // Function to display the elements of the stack
    void display() {
        if (top < 0) {
            cout << "Stack is empty" << endl; // Display message if the stack is empty
            return;
        }
        cout << "\nStack elements are: ";
        for (int i = top; i >= 0; i--)
            cout << arra[i] << " "; // Display the elements of the stack
        cout << endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    int size;
    cout << "Input the size of the stack: ";
    cin >> size; // Take input for the size of the stack
    Stack stk(size); // Create a stack of the given size
    cout << "Is the stack empty? " << (stk.isEmpty() ? "Yes" : "No") << endl; // Check if the stack is empty
    cout << "\nInput some elements onto the stack:";
    stk.push(1);
    stk.push(3);
    stk.push(5);
    stk.push(7);
    stk.push(9);
    stk.display(); // Display the elements of the stack
    cout << "Is the stack full? " << (stk.isFull() ? "Yes" : "No") << endl; // Check if the stack is full
    cout << "\nRemove two elements from the said stack:";
    stk.pop();
    stk.pop();
    stk.display(); // Display the updated elements of the stack
    cout << "\nTop element is " << stk.peek() << endl; // Display the top element of the stack
    return 0;
}

Sample Output:

Input the size of the stack: 8
Is the stack empty? Yes

Input some elements onto the stack:
Stack elements are: 9 7 5 3 1
Is the stack full? No

Remove two elements from the said stack:
Stack elements are: 5 3 1

Top element is 5

Flowchart:

Flowchart: Sort the elements of a stack (using a linked list).
Flowchart: Sort the elements of a stack (using a linked list).
Flowchart: Sort the elements of a stack (using a linked list).

CPP Code Editor:

Contribute your code and comments through Disqus.

Previous C++ Exercise: Sort the elements of a stack (using a linked list).
Next C++ Exercise: Sort a stack (using a dynamic array) elements.

What is the difficulty level of this exercise?



Become a Patron!

Follow us on Facebook and Twitter for latest update.

It will be nice if you may share this link in any developer community or anywhere else, from where other developers may find this content. Thanks.

https://www.w3resource.com/cpp-exercises/stack/cpp-stack-exercise-20.php