Java: School Management System

Last update on July 04 2024 12:56:34 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Java OOP: Exercise-14 with Solution

Write a Java program to create a class called "School" with attributes for students, teachers, and classes, and methods to add and remove students and teachers, and to create classes.

Sample Solution:

Java Code:

// School.java
// Import the ArrayList class from the java.util package
import java.util.ArrayList;

// Define the School class
public class School {
  // Private field to store a list of Student objects
  private ArrayList<Student> students;
  // Private field to store a list of Teacher objects
  private ArrayList<Teacher> teachers;
  // Private field to store a list of SchoolClass objects
  private ArrayList<SchoolClass> classes;

  // Constructor to initialize the students, teachers, and classes fields
  public School() {
    // Create a new ArrayList to hold Student objects
    this.students = new ArrayList<Student>();
    // Create a new ArrayList to hold Teacher objects
    this.teachers = new ArrayList<Teacher>();
    // Create a new ArrayList to hold SchoolClass objects
    this.classes = new ArrayList<SchoolClass>();
  }

  // Method to add a Student to the students list
  public void addStudent(Student student) {
    // Add the specified student to the students list
    students.add(student);
  }

  // Method to remove a Student from the students list
  public void removeStudent(Student student) {
    // Remove the specified student from the students list
    students.remove(student);
  }

  // Method to add a Teacher to the teachers list
  public void addTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
    // Add the specified teacher to the teachers list
    teachers.add(teacher);
  }

  // Method to remove a Teacher from the teachers list
  public void removeTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
    // Remove the specified teacher from the teachers list
    teachers.remove(teacher);
  }

  // Method to add a SchoolClass to the classes list
  public void addClass(SchoolClass schoolClass) {
    // Add the specified school class to the classes list
    classes.add(schoolClass);
  }

  // Method to remove a SchoolClass from the classes list
  public void removeClass(SchoolClass schoolClass) {
    // Remove the specified school class from the classes list
    classes.remove(schoolClass);
  }

  // Method to get the list of students
  public ArrayList<Student> getStudents() {
    // Return the list of students
    return students;
  }

  // Method to get the list of teachers
  public ArrayList<Teacher> getTeachers() {
    // Return the list of teachers
    return teachers;
  }

  // Method to get the list of classes
  public ArrayList<SchoolClass> getClasses() {
    // Return the list of classes
    return classes;
  }
}

The above "School" class represents a school with students, teachers, and classes. It has three ArrayList attributes to store Student, Teacher, and SchoolClass objects. The constructor initializes these ArrayLists as empty lists. It has methods to add and remove students, teachers, and classes from their respective ArrayLists. It also has getter methods to access ArrayLists of students, teachers, and classes.

// Student.java
// Define the Student class
public class Student {
  // Private field to store the name of the student
  private String name;
  // Private field to store the age of the student
  private int age;

  // Constructor to initialize the name and age of the student
  public Student(String name, int age) {
    // Assign the name parameter to the name field
    this.name = name;
    // Assign the age parameter to the age field
    this.age = age;
  }

  // Getter method for the name field
  public String getName() {
    // Return the value of the name field
    return name;
  }

  // Setter method for the name field
  public void setName(String name) {
    // Assign the name parameter to the name field
    this.name = name;
  }

  // Getter method for the age field
  public int getAge() {
    // Return the value of the age field
    return age;
  }

  // Setter method for the age field
  public void setAge(int age) {
    // Assign the age parameter to the age field
    this.age = age;
  }
}

The "Student" class represents a student with a name and an age. It has a constructor that takes two arguments, name and age, and initializes the corresponding attributes. It also has getter and setter methods to access and modify name and age attributes.

// Teacher.class
// Define the Teacher class
public class Teacher {
  // Private field to store the name of the teacher
  private String name;
  // Private field to store the subject of the teacher
  private String subject;

  // Constructor to initialize the name and subject of the teacher
  public Teacher(String name, String subject) {
    // Assign the name parameter to the name field
    this.name = name;
    // Assign the subject parameter to the subject field
    this.subject = subject;
  }

  // Getter method for the name field
  public String getName() {
    // Return the value of the name field
    return name;
  }

  // Setter method for the name field
  public void setName(String name) {
    // Assign the name parameter to the name field
    this.name = name;
  }

  // Getter method for the subject field
  public String getSubject() {
    // Return the value of the subject field
    return subject;
  }

  // Setter method for the subject field
  public void setSubject(String subject) {
    // Assign the subject parameter to the subject field
    this.subject = subject;
  }
}

The Teacher class represents a teacher in a school. It has two private attributes: name (teacher's name) and subject (Subject the teacher teaches). The class has a constructor that takes two arguments, the teacher's name and subject, and initializes the corresponding attributes. It also has getter and setter methods to access and modify the name and subject attributes.

// SchoolClass.java
// Import the ArrayList class from the java.util package
import java.util.ArrayList;

// Define the SchoolClass class
public class SchoolClass {
  // Private field to store the name of the class
  private String className;
  // Private field to store the teacher of the class
  private Teacher teacher;
  // Private field to store a list of Student objects
  private ArrayList<Student> students;

  // Constructor to initialize the className, teacher, and students fields
  public SchoolClass(String className, Teacher teacher) {
    // Assign the className parameter to the className field
    this.className = className;
    // Assign the teacher parameter to the teacher field
    this.teacher = teacher;
    // Create a new ArrayList to hold Student objects
    this.students = new ArrayList<Student>();
  }

  // Getter method for the className field
  public String getClassName() {
    // Return the value of the className field
    return className;
  }

  // Setter method for the className field
  public void setClassName(String className) {
    // Assign the className parameter to the className field
    this.className = className;
  }

  // Getter method for the teacher field
  public Teacher getTeacher() {
    // Return the value of the teacher field
    return teacher;
  }

  // Setter method for the teacher field
  public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
    // Assign the teacher parameter to the teacher field
    this.teacher = teacher;
  }

  // Getter method for the students field
  public ArrayList<Student> getStudents() {
    // Return the list of students
    return students;
  }

  // Method to add a Student to the students list
  public void addStudent(Student student) {
    // Add the specified student to the students list
    students.add(student);
  }

  // Method to remove a Student from the students list
  public void removeStudent(Student student) {
    // Remove the specified student from the students list
    students.remove(student);
  }
}

The SchoolClass class represents a class in a school. It has a private attribute className to store the name of the class and another private attribute teacher of type Teacher to store the teacher of the class. It also has a private attribute students of type ArrayList to store the students enrolled in the class. The constructor takes two arguments: className and teacher, and initializes these attributes.

The class has getter and setter methods for className and teacher. It also has methods addStudent and removeStudent to add and remove a student from the students list. The getStudents method returns the list of students in the class.

//Main.java
// Import the ArrayList class from the java.util package
import java.util.ArrayList;

// Define the Main class
public class Main {
  // Main method, entry point of the program
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // Create a new instance of the School class
    School school = new School();
    
    // Create new Student objects with name and age
    Student student1 = new Student("Mats Yatzil", 15);
    Student student2 = new Student("Karolina Ralf", 16);
    Student student3 = new Student("Felicie Anuschka", 16);
    Student student4 = new Student("Norbert Micha", 15);
    
    // Add the students to the school
    school.addStudent(student1);
    school.addStudent(student2);
    school.addStudent(student3);
    school.addStudent(student4);
    
    // Create new Teacher objects with name and subject
    Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher("Jens Amalia", "Math");
    Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher("Elise Giiwedin", "English");
    Teacher teacher3 = new Teacher("Angelika Lotta", "Science");
    
    // Add the teachers to the school
    school.addTeacher(teacher1);
    school.addTeacher(teacher2);
    school.addTeacher(teacher3);

    // Create new SchoolClass objects with class name and teacher
    SchoolClass mathClass = new SchoolClass("Mathematics", teacher1);
    // Add students to the math class
    mathClass.addStudent(student1);
    mathClass.addStudent(student2);
    mathClass.addStudent(student3);
    mathClass.addStudent(student4);

    SchoolClass englishClass = new SchoolClass("English", teacher2);
    // Add students to the English class
    englishClass.addStudent(student1);
    englishClass.addStudent(student2);
    englishClass.addStudent(student3);

    SchoolClass scienceClass = new SchoolClass("Science", teacher3);
    // Add students to the Science class
    scienceClass.addStudent(student1);
    scienceClass.addStudent(student2);
    scienceClass.addStudent(student3);
    scienceClass.addStudent(student4);

    // Add the classes to the school
    school.addClass(mathClass);
    school.addClass(englishClass);
    school.addClass(scienceClass);

    // Print general school information
    System.out.println("School information:");
    System.out.println("Number of students: " + school.getStudents().size());
    System.out.println("Number of teachers: " + school.getTeachers().size());
    System.out.println("Number of classes: " + school.getClasses().size());
    System.out.println();

    // Print math class information
    System.out.println("Math class information:");
    System.out.println("Class name: " + mathClass.getClassName());
    System.out.println("Teacher: " + mathClass.getTeacher().getName());
    System.out.println("Number of students: " + mathClass.getStudents().size());
    System.out.println();

    // Print English class information
    System.out.println("English class information:");
    System.out.println("Class name: " + englishClass.getClassName());
    System.out.println("Teacher: " + englishClass.getTeacher().getName());
    System.out.println("Number of students: " + englishClass.getStudents().size());
    System.out.println();
    
    // Print Science class information
    System.out.println("Science class information:");
    System.out.println("Class name: " + scienceClass.getClassName());
    System.out.println("Teacher: " + scienceClass.getTeacher().getName());
    System.out.println("Number of students: " + scienceClass.getStudents().size());
    System.out.println();

    // Remove a student, a teacher, and a class from the school
    school.removeStudent(student1);
    school.removeTeacher(teacher2);
    school.removeClass(mathClass);

    // Print updated school information after removal
    System.out.println("School information after removing one student, teacher and class:");
    System.out.println("Number of students: " + school.getStudents().size());
    System.out.println("Number of teachers: " + school.getTeachers().size());
    System.out.println("Number of classes: " + school.getClasses().size());
  }
}

The "Main" class is the program entry point. It creates objects of the "School", "Student", "Teacher", and "SchoolClass" classes to demonstrate the school system's functionality. It adds students, teachers, and classes to the school object using its respective methods. It then retrieves and prints information about the number of students, teachers, and classes in the school. It also prints the details of each class, including the name of the class, the teacher's name, and the number of students in each class. Finally, it removes one student, one teacher, and one class from the school and prints updated information about the school.

Sample Output:

School information:
Number of students: 4
Number of teachers: 3
Number of classes: 3

Math class information:
Class name: Mathematics
Teacher: Jens Amalia
Number of students: 4

English class information:
Class name: English
Teacher: Elise Giiwedin
Number of students: 3

Science class information:
Class name: Science
Teacher: Angelika Lotta
Number of students: 4

School information after removing one student, teacher and Class:
Number of students: 3
Number of teachers: 2
Number of classes: 2

Flowchart:

Java Code Editor:

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