MySQL NOT operator
NOT operator
MySQL NOT operator reverses or negates the input.
This function is useful in -
- If you want to retrieve all records except those that meet a specific condition, NOT is invaluable.
- It allows you to negate the result of a condition.
- NOT makes queries more explicit. It clearly states that you want the opposite of a certain condition, which can help prevent misunderstandings or misinterpretations of your query.
- When you have complex conditions involving multiple logical operators like AND and OR, NOT can be crucial for achieving the desired outcome.
- NOT can be used to invert the logical meaning of a condition.
- In some scenarios, NOT can be used to conditionally insert or update records based on the absence of a specific condition.
- By using NOT judiciously, you can optimize your queries to efficiently retrieve the desired data.
Syntax:
NOT, !
The operator returns 1 if the operand is 0 and returns 0 if the operand is nonzero. It returns NULL if the operand is NOT NULL.
MySQL Version: 8.0
Example: MySQL NOT operator
In the following MySQL statement, NOT operator negates the input 10, it returns 0.
Code:
-- This SQL statement performs a logical NOT operation on the number 10
-- Explanation: The query evaluates a logical NOT operation on the number 10, returning the result of the operation.
SELECT !10; -- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate the expression '!10' and return the result
Explanation:
- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate expressions and return the result.
- The ! operator is a logical NOT operator in MySQL.
- In the context of the expression !10:
- Any non-zero number is considered as TRUE.
- The logical NOT operation returns TRUE if the operand is FALSE, and FALSE if the operand is TRUE.
- Since 10 is a non-zero number, it is considered TRUE.
- !TRUE evaluates to FALSE, which is represented as 0 in MySQL.
- Therefore, the result of SELECT !10 is 0.
Output:
MySQL> SELECT ! 0; +------+ | ! 10 | +------+ | 0 | +------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Example of MySQL NOT operator with zero input
In the following MySQL statement, NOT operator negates the input 0, it returns 1.
Code:
-- This SQL statement performs a logical NOT operation on the number 0
-- Explanation: The query evaluates a logical NOT operation on the number 0, returning the result of the operation.
SELECT ! 0; -- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate the expression '!0' and return the result
Explanation:
- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate expressions and return the result.
- The ! operator is a logical NOT operator in MySQL.
- In the context of the expression !0:
- Zero (0) is considered as FALSE.
- The logical NOT operation returns TRUE if the operand is FALSE, and FALSE if the operand is TRUE.
- Since 0 is FALSE, !FALSE evaluates to TRUE, which is represented as 1 in MySQL.
- Therefore, the result of SELECT !0 is 1.
Example of MySQL NOT operator with zero input
In the following MySQL statement, NOT operator negates the input 0, it returns 1.
Output:
MySQL> SELECT ! 0; +-----+ | ! 0 | +-----+ | 1 | +-----+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Example of MySQL NOT operator with NULL
In the following MySQL statement, NOT operator negates the input NULL, it returns NULL.
Code:
-- This SQL statement performs a logical NOT operation on the value NULL
-- Explanation: The query evaluates a logical NOT operation on the value NULL, returning the result of the operation.
SELECT !NULL; -- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate the expression '!NULL' and return the result
Explanation:
- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate expressions and return the result.
- The ! operator is a logical NOT operator in MySQL.
- In the context of the expression !NULL:
- NULL represents an unknown or undefined value in SQL.
- The logical NOT operation returns TRUE if the operand is FALSE, and FALSE if the operand is TRUE.
- However, if the operand is NULL, the result of the logical NOT operation is also NULL because the truth value is unknown.
- Therefore, the result of SELECT !NULL is NULL.
Output:
MySQL> SELECT ! NULL; +--------+ | ! NULL | +--------+ | NULL | +--------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Example of MySQL NOT operator with non-zero input
In the following MySQL statement, NOT operator negates the input (10+10), it returns 0.
Code:
-- This SQL statement performs a logical NOT operation on the result of the expression (10 + 10)
-- Explanation: The query first evaluates the arithmetic expression (10 + 10), then performs a logical NOT operation on the result, returning the final result of the operation.
SELECT ! (10 + 10); -- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate the expression '!(10 + 10)' and return the result
Explanation:
- The SELECT statement is used to evaluate expressions and return the result.
- The expression (10 + 10) is evaluated first.
- The arithmetic operation 10 + 10 results in 20.
- The ! operator is a logical NOT operator in MySQL.
- The result of (10 + 10) is 20.
- Any non-zero number is considered as TRUE.
- The logical NOT operation returns TRUE if the operand is FALSE, and FALSE if the operand is TRUE.
- Since 20 is a non-zero number, it is considered TRUE.
- !TRUE evaluates to FALSE, which is represented as 0 in MySQL.
- Therefore, the result of SELECT ! (10 + 10) is 0.
Output:
MySQL> SELECT ! (10+10); +-----------+ | ! (10+10) | +-----------+ | 0 | +-----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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