PHP OOP: Abstract class for animal

PHP OOP: Exercise-9 with Solution

Write a PHP abstract class called 'Animal' with abstract methods like 'eat()' and 'makeSound()'. Create subclasses like 'Dog', 'Cat', and 'Bird' that implement these methods.

Sample Solution:

PHP Code :

<?php
abstract class Animal
{
    abstract public function eat();
    abstract public function makeSound();
}

class Dog extends Animal
{
    public function eat()
    {
        echo "Dog is eating.</br>";
    }

    public function makeSound()
    {
        echo "Dog is barking.</br>";
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal
{
    public function eat()
    {
        echo "Cat is eating.</br>";
    }

    public function makeSound() {
        echo "Cat is meowing.</br>";
    }
}

class Bird extends Animal
 {
    public function eat()
    {
        echo "Bird is eating.</br>";
    }

    public function makeSound()
    {
        echo "Bird is chirping.</br>";
    }
}

$dog = new Dog();
$dog->eat();
$dog->makeSound();

$cat = new Cat();
$cat->eat();
$cat->makeSound();

$bird = new Bird();
$bird->eat();
$bird->makeSound();
?>

Sample Output:

Dog is eating.
Dog is barking.
Cat is eating.
Cat is meowing.
Bird is eating.
Bird is chirping.

Explanation:

In the above exercise -

• The "Animal" class is declared an abstract class, meaning it cannot be instantiated directly. It contains abstract methods eat() and makeSound() which are declared but not implemented.
• The "Dog", "Cat", and "Bird" classes are subclasses of "Animal" and implement the abstract methods eat() and makeSound() as required by the parent abstract class.

Flowchart:

PHP Code Editor:

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