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Python: Check if a given value is present in a set or not

Python sets: Exercise-16 with Solution

Write a Python program to check if a given value is present in a set or not.

Sample Solution:

Python Code:

nums = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}
print("Original sets(nums): ",nums,"\n")
print("Test if 6 exists in nums:")
print(6 in nums)
print("Test if 7 exists in nums:")
print(7 in nums)
print("Test if 11 exists in nums:")
print(11 in nums)
print("Test if 0 exists in nums:")
print(0 in nums)
print("\nTest if 6 is not in nums")
print(6 not in nums)
print("Test if 7 is not in nums")
print(7 not in nums)
print("Test if 11 is not in nums")
print(11 not in nums)
print("Test if 0 is not in nums")
print(0 not in nums)

Sample Output: 

Original sets(nums):  {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11} 

Test if 6 exists in nums:
False
Test if 7 exists in nums:
True
Test if 11 exists in nums:
True
Test if 0 exists in nums:
False

Test if 6 is not in nums
True
Test if 7 is not in nums
False
Test if 11 is not in nums
False
Test if 0 is not in nums
True

Pictorial Presentation:

Python Sets: Check if a given value is present in a set or not.
Python Sets: Check if a given value is present in a set or not.

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Previous: Write a Python program to find the length of a set.
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Python: Tips of the Day

Understanding slice notation:

It's pretty simple really:

a[start:stop]  # items start through stop-1
a[start:]      # items start through the rest of the array
a[:stop]       # items from the beginning through stop-1
a[:]           # a copy of the whole array

There is also the step value, which can be used with any of the above:

a[start:stop:step] # start through not past stop, by step

The key point to remember is that the :stop value represents the first value that is not in the selected slice. So, the difference between stop and start is the number of elements selected (if step is 1, the default).

The other feature is that start or stop may be a negative number, which means it counts from the end of the array instead of the beginning. So:

a[-1]    # last item in the array
a[-2:]   # last two items in the array
a[:-2]   # everything except the last two items

Similarly, step may be a negative number:

a[::-1]    # all items in the array, reversed
a[1::-1]   # the first two items, reversed
a[:-3:-1]  # the last two items, reversed
a[-3::-1]  # everything except the last two items, reversed

Python is kind to the programmer if there are fewer items than you ask for. For example, if you ask for a[:-2] and a only contains one element, you get an empty list instead of an error. Sometimes you would prefer the error, so you have to be aware that this may happen.

Relation to slice() object

The slicing operator [] is actually being used in the above code with a slice() object using the : notation (which is only valid within []), i.e.:

a[start:stop:step]

is equivalent to:

a[slice(start, stop, step)]

Slice objects also behave slightly differently depending on the number of arguments, similarly to range(), i.e. both slice(stop) and slice(start, stop[, step]) are supported. To skip specifying a given argument, one might use None, so that e.g. a[start:] is equivalent to a[slice(start, None)] or a[::-1] is equivalent to a[slice(None, None, -1)].

While the : -based notation is very helpful for simple slicing, the explicit use of slice() objects simplifies the programmatic generation of slicing.

Ref: https://bit.ly/2MHaTp7