Java Polymorphism Programming - Vehicle Class with Car and Bicycle Subclasses for Speed Control

Last update on April 28 2025 07:55:46 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

Write a Java program to create a class Vehicle with a method called speedUp(). Create two subclasses Car and Bicycle. Override the speedUp() method in each subclass to increase the vehicle's speed differently.

In the given exercise, here is a simple diagram illustrating polymorphism implementation:

In the above diagram, Vehicle is the base class, and Car and Motorcycle are the subclasses. The arrow represents the inheritance relationship, indicating that Car and Motorcycle inherit from Vehicle.

Since both Car and Motorcycle are subclasses of Vehicle, they inherit the speed field and the speedUp() method. However, they override the speedUp() method to provide their own implementation.

This polymorphic relationship allows objects of type Car and Motorcycle to be treated as objects of type Vehicle. This means that you can use a Car or Motorcycle object where a Vehicle object is expected, which enables flexibility and code reuse.

Sample Solution:

Java Code:

// Vehicle.java
// Base class Vehicle

// Declare the Vehicle class
class Vehicle {
    // Private field to store the speed of the vehicle
    private int speed;

    // Method to increase the speed of the vehicle by 10
    public void speedUp() {
        speed += 10;
    }

    // Method to get the current speed of the vehicle
    public int getSpeed() {
        return speed;
    }
} 

// Car.java
// Subclass Car

// Declare the Car class that extends the Vehicle class
class Car extends Vehicle {
    // Override the speedUp method from the Vehicle class
    @Override
    public void speedUp() {
        // Call the speedUp method of the parent class (Vehicle)
        super.speedUp();
        // Print a message indicating that the car's speed has increased
        System.out.println("\nCar speed increased by 22 units.");
    }
} 

// Motorcycle.java
// Subclass Motorcycle

// Declare the Motorcycle class that extends the Vehicle class
class Motorcycle extends Vehicle {
    // Override the speedUp method from the Vehicle class
    @Override
    public void speedUp() {
        // Call the speedUp method of the parent class (Vehicle)
        super.speedUp();
        // Print a message indicating that the motorcycle's speed has increased
        System.out.println("Motorcycle speed increased by 12 units");
    }
} 

// Main.java
// Main class

// Declare the Main class
public class Main {
    // Main method which is the entry point of the program
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Create an instance of the Car class
        Car car = new Car();
        // Create an instance of the Motorcycle class
        Motorcycle motorcycle = new Motorcycle();

        // Print the initial speed of the car
        System.out.println("Car initial speed: " + car.getSpeed());
        // Print the initial speed of the motorcycle
        System.out.println("Motorcycle initial speed: " + motorcycle.getSpeed());

        // Speed up the car
        car.speedUp();
        // Speed up the motorcycle
        motorcycle.speedUp();

        // Print the speed of the car after speeding up
        System.out.println("\nCar speed after speeding up: " + car.getSpeed());
        // Print the speed of the motorcycle after speeding up
        System.out.println("Motorcycle speed after speeding up: " + motorcycle.getSpeed());
    }
} 

Output:

Car initial speed: 0
Motorcycle initial speed: 0

Car speed increased by 22 units.
Motorcycle speed increased by 12 units

Car speed after speeding up: 10
Motorcycle speed after speeding up: 10

Flowchart:

For more Practice: Solve these Related Problems:

• Write a Java program where the "Vehicle" class includes a brake() method that behaves differently for each vehicle.
• Write a Java program where the "Vehicle" class tracks the fuel efficiency of different vehicle types.
• Write a Java program where the "Vehicle" class implements a honk() method with unique sounds for each subclass.
• Write a Java program where the "Vehicle" class determines the maximum speed based on the vehicle type.

Java Code Editor:

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