C fgets() function
C library function - fgets()
The fgets() function is used to read characters from the current stream position up to and including the first new-line character (\n), up to the end of the stream, or until the number of characters read is equal to n-1, whichever comes first. fgets() stores the result in a string and ends it with a null character (/0). A new-line character is included in the string if it is read. The string is empty if n equals 1.
Syntax:
char *fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream)
Parameters:
Name | Description |
---|---|
str | This is the variable in which the string will be stored |
n | This is the maximum length of the string to be read |
stream | Identifies an address for a file descriptor, which is an area of memory associated with an input or output stream. |
Return value
- Upon successful completion, fgets() shall return s. If the stream is at end-of-file, the end-of-file indicator for the stream
shall be set and fgets() shall return a null pointer.
- If a read error occurs, the error indicator for the stream shall be set, fgets() shall return a null pointer, and shall set errno to indicate the error.
Example: Using fgets(), read data from a file
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char string[20];
FILE *fp;
// Write some text in test.txt
char str[] = "C programming tutorial.";
fp = fopen( "test.txt" , "w" );
fwrite(str , 1 , sizeof(str) , fp );
fclose(fp) ;
// Here fgets() function is used to read text fine from a file.
fp=fopen("test.txt","r");
fgets(string,30,fp);
printf("The string is: %s",string);
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
The string is: C programming tutorial.
Example: Using fgets(), read from stdin
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char text[50];
printf("Input a string: ");
fgets(text,50,stdin);
printf("\nThe string is: %s",text);
return 0;
}
Input a string: C Programming The string is: C Programming
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