JavaScript: Conditional Operator

Last update on August 19 2022 21:50:38 (UTC/GMT +8 hours)

?: (Conditional operator)

The conditional operator is used as a shortcut for standard if statement. It takes three operands.

Syntax

Condition ? expr1: expr2

Parameters

condition : An expression that evaluates to true or false.

expr1, expr2 : Expressions with values of any types.

If the condition is true, the operator returns the value of expr1; otherwise, it returns the value of expr2.

For example

status = (marks >= 30) ? "Pass" : "Fail"

The statement assigns value "Pass" to the variable status if marks are 30 or more. Otherwise, it assigns the value of "Fail" to status.

Example:

In the following web document the conditional operator statement [status = (marks >= 30) ? "Pass" : "Fail"] assigns value "Pass" to the variable status if marks are 30 or more. Otherwise, it assigns the value of "Fail" to status.

HTML Code

<!doctype html><head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>JavaScript conditional operator example with DOM</title>
<meta name="description" content="This document contains an example of JavaScript conditional operator with DOM" />
</head>
<form name="example" onsubmit="ViewOutput()">
<input type="text" id="marks" placeholder="Enter Marks" />
<input type="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>
<body>
<script src="javascript-conditional-operator-example1.js">
</script>
</body>
</html>

JS Code

function ViewOutput()
{
'use strict';
var marks = document.getElementById("marks").value;
var status1 = (marks >= 30) ? "Pass" : "Fail";
var newParagraph = document.createElement("p"); //creates a new paragraph element
var newText = document.createTextNode(status1); //creates text along with ouput to be displayed 
newParagraph.appendChild(newText); //created text is appended to the paragraph element created
document.body.appendChild(newParagraph); // created paragraph and text along with output is appended to the document body
}

View the example in the browser

JavaScript: Conditional Operator and If else statement

The conditional operator statement of the above example
status = (marks >= 30) ? "Pass" : "Fail" is equivalent to the following statement.

if marks>=30
 document.write("Pass");
 else
 document.write("Fail");

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