SQL SQRT() function

SQRT() function

SQL SQRT() returns the square root of a given value in the argument.

Syntax:

SQRT( expression )

Parameters:

MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, and Oracle

All of above platforms support the SQL syntax of SQRT().

SQL SQRT() function: Visual presentation

Example :

To get the square root of 36 from the DUAL table, the following SQL statement can be used:

-- This SQL statement calculates the square root of the number 36 and selects the result from the 'dual' table.
SELECT SQRT(36) 
-- SELECT statement retrieves data from the database
-- SQRT() function calculates the square root of a specified number
-- In this case, SQRT(36) calculates the square root of 36
FROM dual;
-- Specifies the 'dual' table, a special one-row, one-column table present in Oracle database
-- The 'dual' table is often used for performing calculations or returning single results in SQL queries

Explanation:

• This SQL query is straightforward, as it's only a single statement.
• The purpose of this query is to calculate the square root of the number 36.
• SQRT() is a mathematical function that calculates the square root of a given number.
• In this case, SQRT(36) will return the square root of 36, which is 6.
• The result of the calculation, which is 6 in this case, will be selected as the output of the query.
• The 'dual' table is used here because it's a convenient way to execute single-row queries in Oracle SQL without needing to specify an actual table with data.

Output:

  SQRT(36)
----------
         6

SQL SQRT() function with distinct

+-----------+-------------+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+-------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+--------------+------------+  
|CUST_CODE  | CUST_NAME   | CUST_CITY   | WORKING_AREA | CUST_COUNTRY | GRADE | OPENING_AMT | RECEIVE_AMT | PAYMENT_AMT |OUTSTANDING_AMT| PHONE_NO     | AGENT_CODE |
+-----------+-------------+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+-------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+--------------+------------+
| C00013    | Holmes      | London      | London       | UK           |     2 |     6000.00 |     5000.00 |     7000.00 |       4000.00 | BBBBBBB      | A003       |
| C00001    | Micheal     | New York    | New York     | USA          |     2 |     3000.00 |     5000.00 |     2000.00 |       6000.00 | CCCCCCC      | A008       |
| C00020    | Albert      | New York    | New York     | USA          |     3 |     5000.00 |     7000.00 |     6000.00 |       6000.00 | BBBBSBB      | A008       |
| C00025    | Ravindran   | Bangalore   | Bangalore    | India        |     2 |     5000.00 |     7000.00 |     4000.00 |       8000.00 | AVAVAVA      | A011       |
| C00024    | Cook        | London      | London       | UK           |     2 |     4000.00 |     9000.00 |     7000.00 |       6000.00 | FSDDSDF      | A006       |
| C00015    | Stuart      | London      | London       | UK           |     1 |     6000.00 |     8000.00 |     3000.00 |      11000.00 | GFSGERS      | A003       |
| C00002    | Bolt        | New York    | New York     | USA          |     3 |     5000.00 |     7000.00 |     9000.00 |       3000.00 | DDNRDRH      | A008       |
| C00018    | Fleming     | Brisban     | Brisban      | Australia    |     2 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |     9000.00 |       5000.00 | NHBGVFC      | A005       |
| C00021    | Jacks       | Brisban     | Brisban      | Australia    |     1 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |       7000.00 | WERTGDF      | A005       |
| C00019    | Yearannaidu | Chennai     | Chennai      | India        |     1 |     8000.00 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |       8000.00 | ZZZZBFV      | A010       |
| C00005    | Sasikant    | Mumbai      | Mumbai       | India        |     1 |     7000.00 |    11000.00 |     7000.00 |      11000.00 | 147-25896312 | A002       |
| C00007    | Ramanathan  | Chennai     | Chennai      | India        |     1 |     7000.00 |    11000.00 |     9000.00 |       9000.00 | GHRDWSD      | A010       |
| C00022    | Avinash     | Mumbai      | Mumbai       | India        |     2 |     7000.00 |    11000.00 |     9000.00 |       9000.00 | 113-12345678 | A002       |
| C00004    | Winston     | Brisban     | Brisban      | Australia    |     1 |     5000.00 |     8000.00 |     7000.00 |       6000.00 | AAAAAAA      | A005       |
| C00023    | Karl        | London      | London       | UK           |     0 |     4000.00 |     6000.00 |     7000.00 |       3000.00 | AAAABAA      | A006       |
| C00006    | Shilton     | Torento     | Torento      | Canada       |     1 |    10000.00 |     7000.00 |     6000.00 |      11000.00 | DDDDDDD      | A004       |
| C00010    | Charles     | Hampshair   | Hampshair    | UK           |     3 |     6000.00 |     4000.00 |     5000.00 |       5000.00 | MMMMMMM      | A009       |
| C00017    | Srinivas    | Bangalore   | Bangalore    | India        |     2 |     8000.00 |     4000.00 |     3000.00 |       9000.00 | AAAAAAB      | A007       |
| C00012    | Steven      | San Jose    | San Jose     | USA          |     1 |     5000.00 |     7000.00 |     9000.00 |       3000.00 | KRFYGJK      | A012       |
| C00008    | Karolina    | Torento     | Torento      | Canada       |     1 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |     9000.00 |       5000.00 | HJKORED      | A004       |
| C00003    | Martin      | Torento     | Torento      | Canada       |     2 |     8000.00 |     7000.00 |     7000.00 |       8000.00 | MJYURFD      | A004       |
| C00009    | Ramesh      | Mumbai      | Mumbai       | India        |     3 |     8000.00 |     7000.00 |     3000.00 |      12000.00 | Phone No     | A002       |
| C00014    | Rangarappa  | Bangalore   | Bangalore    | India        |     2 |     8000.00 |    11000.00 |     7000.00 |      12000.00 | AAAATGF      | A001       |
| C00016    | Venkatpati  | Bangalore   | Bangalore    | India        |     2 |     8000.00 |    11000.00 |     7000.00 |      12000.00 | JRTVFDD      | A007       |
| C00011    | Sundariya   | Chennai     | Chennai      | India        |     3 |     7000.00 |    11000.00 |     7000.00 |      11000.00 | PPHGRTS      | A010       |
+-----------+-------------+-------------+--------------+--------------+-------+-------------+-------------+-------------+---------------+--------------+------------+

To get the unique square root of 'opening_amt' from 'customer' table, the following SQL statement can be used :

-- This SQL statement calculates the square root of the 'opening_amt' column for each row in the 'customer' table.
SELECT SQRT(opening_amt) 
-- SELECT statement retrieves data from the database
-- SQRT() function calculates the square root of a specified number
-- In this case, SQRT(opening_amt) calculates the square root of the 'opening_amt' column value for each row
FROM customer;
-- Specifies the 'customer' table from which the data is being retrieved

Explanation:

• This SQL query is designed to calculate the square root of the 'opening_amt' column for each row in the 'customer' table.
• The SELECT statement specifies the SQRT(opening_amt) expression, which calculates the square root of the 'opening_amt' column value for each row.
• The query is executed against the 'customer' table to retrieve the square root of the opening amounts.
• Each row in the result will have the square root of the corresponding 'opening_amt' value.
• The 'customer' table is used here as the data source for the calculation.

Output:

SQRT(OPENING_AMT)
-----------------
       77.4596669
       54.7722558
       70.7106781
       70.7106781
       63.2455532
       77.4596669
       70.7106781
       83.6660027
       83.6660027
       89.4427191
       83.6660027
       83.6660027
       83.6660027
       70.7106781
       63.2455532
              100
       77.4596669
       89.4427191
       70.7106781
       83.6660027
       89.4427191
       89.4427191
       89.4427191
       89.4427191
       83.6660027

Note: Outputs of the said SQL statement shown here is taken by using Oracle Database 10g Express Edition.

Here is a slide presentation which covers the SQL arithmetic functions.

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