MySQL BIT_XOR() function

BIT_XOR() function

MySQL BIT_XOR() function returns the bitwise XOR of all bits in a given expression. It's particularly useful for scenarios involving bit manipulation and bitwise operations.

The calculation is performed on 64 bit precession.

If this function does not find a matching row, it returns 0.

What is Bitwise XOR operation

After taking two bit patterns of equal length, it performs logical XOR operation on each pair of corresponding bits (the first of each; the second of each; and so on).

The result in each position is 1 if the two bits are different, and 0 if they are same.

This function is useful in -

• It calculates the bitwise XOR of each bit position across multiple values.
• The BIT_XOR() function can be used to manipulate and encode data at the bit level. XOR operations are used in cryptography for data encryption and decryption.
• The BIT_XOR() function can help identify discrepancies between sets of binary data.
• In MySQL, the BIT_XOR() function can be useful in defining conditions within triggers or events based on bitwise operations.
• XOR operations are sometimes used in generating hash values or checksums.
• BIT_XOR() can be used with the GROUP BY clause to aggregate data based on a specific column's bitwise XOR results.
• The BIT_XOR() function can help analyze patterns and differences across a subset of records when working with datasets where binary values are used to represent various attributes.

Syntax:

BIT_XOR(expr)

Where expr is a given expression.

MySQL Version: 8.0

Example: MySQL BIT_XOR() function

The following MySQL statement performs Bitwise XOR operation on the values of book_price column. A grouping on book_id column is also performed.

Sample table: book_mast

Code:

-- This SQL query calculates the bitwise XOR of book prices for each book.
SELECT book_id, BIT_XOR('book_price') AS BITS -- Selects the book ID and calculates the bitwise XOR of 'book_price' for each book, aliasing the result as 'BITS'
FROM book_mast -- Specifies the table from which to retrieve data (book_mast table)
GROUP BY book_id; -- Groups the results by book ID, so that the bitwise XOR is calculated for each book separately

Explanation:

• This SQL query retrieves data from the book_mast table.


• It calculates the bitwise XOR of 'book_price' for each book.


• The GROUP BY clause ensures that the results are grouped by book ID, allowing for separate bitwise XOR calculations to be performed for each book.


• Here's how the process works:


• The query selects the book ID (book_id) and calculates the bitwise XOR of 'book_price' for each book.


• It groups the results by book ID using GROUP BY book_id, ensuring that the bitwise XOR is calculated separately for each book.


• Finally, the query returns the book ID and the bitwise XOR result for each book, aliased as 'BITS'. However, there seems to be a mistake in the code where 'book_price' is used as a string, which likely wasn't the intention. It should be a column name from the table.

Output:

mysql> SELECT book_id, BIT_XOR('book_price') AS BITS from book_mast group by book_id;
+---------+------+
| book_id | BITS |
+---------+------+
| BK001   |    0 | 
| BK002   |    0 | 
| BK003   |    0 | 
| BK004   |    0 | 
| BK005   |    0 | 
| BK006   |    0 | 
| BK007   |    0 | 
| BK008   |    0 | 
| BK009   |    0 | 
| BK010   |    0 | 
| BK011   |    0 | 
| BK012   |    0 | 
| BK013   |    0 | 
| BK014   |    0 | 
| BK015   |    0 | 
| BK016   |    0 | 
+---------+------+
16 rows in set, 16 warnings (0.00 sec)

Previous: BIT_OR()
Next: MySQL Aggregate Functions and Grouping - COUNT()