PHP : htmlspecialchars() function
Description
The htmlspecialchars() function is used to converts special characters ( e.g. & (ampersand), " (double quote), ' (single quote), < (less than), > (greater than)) to HTML entities ( i.e. & (ampersand) becomes &, ' (single quote) becomes ', < (less than) becomes < (greater than) becomes > ).
Version:
(PHP 4 and above)
Syntax:
htmlspecialchars(input_string,quote_style,character_set)
Parameter:
Name | Description | Required / Optional |
Type |
---|---|---|---|
input_string | The string to be converted. | Required | String |
quote_style | Encoding single and double quote. ENT_COMPAT : Convert double quotes and leave single quotes unchanged. ENT_COMPAT is the default setting ENT_QUOTES : Converts both single and double quotes. ENT_NOQUOTES: Converts neither single nor double quotes. |
Optional | Integer |
charset | Refers the character set to be used. List of character set. ISO-8859-1 : Western European, Latin-1 [default character set]. ISO-8859-15 : Western European, Latin-9. UTF-8 : ASCII compatible multi-byte 8-bit Unicode. cp866 : DOS-specific Cyrillic charset. cp1251 : Windows-specific Cyrillic charset. cp1252 : Windows-specific charset for Western European. KOI8-R : Russian. BIG5 : Traditional Chinese. GB2312 : Simplified Chinese. BIG5-HKSCS : Big5 with Hong Kong extensions. Shift_JIS : Japanese. EUC-JP : Japanese. |
Optional | String |
Return value:
The converted string.
Value Type: String.
Example:
<?php
$convert = "<li><a href='index.php'>We are learning php</a></li>";
echo "Original string : ".$convert;
echo "<br />";
htmlspecialchars("<li><a href='index.php'>We are learning php</a></li>", ENT_QUOTES);
echo "Only HTML special characters : ".htmlspecialchars($convert);
?>
Output:
Original string:Only HTML special characters : <li><a href='index.php'>We are learning php</a></li>
View the example in the browser
See also
Previous: htmlspecialchars_ decode
Next: implode
PHP: Tips of the Day
In PHP, there are two versions of logical AND and OR operators.
Operator | True if |
---|---|
$a and $b | Both $a and $b are true |
$a && $b | Both $a and $b are true |
$a or $b | Either $a or $b is true |
$a || $b | Either $a or $b is true |
Note that the && and || opererators have higher precedence than and and or. See table below:
Evaluation | Result of $e | Evaluated as |
---|---|---|
$e = false || true | True | $e = (false || true) |
$e = false or true | False | ($e = false) or true |
Because of this it's safer to use && and || instead of and and or.
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