PHP: substr() function
Description
The substr() function used to cut a part of a string from a string, starting at a specified position.
Version:
(PHP 4 and above)
Syntax:
substr(string_name, start_pos, length_to_cut)
Parameters:
Name | Description | Required / Optional |
Type |
---|---|---|---|
string_name | The input string. | Required | String |
start_pos | Refers to the position of the string to start cutting. A positive number : Start at the specified position in the string. A negative number : Start at a specified position from the end of the string. |
Required | Integer |
length_to_cut | Length of the string to cut from the main string. A positive number : Start at the specified position in the string. A negative number : Start at a specified position from the end of the string. |
Optional | Integer |
Return value:
Returns the extracted part of string and false when failure.
Value Type: String.
Pictorial Presentation
Example - 1:
<?php
$string1="Welcome to w3resource.com";
echo $string1;
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,1);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,1,5);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,0,10);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,-1,1);
echo '<br>';
?>
Output:
Welcome to w3resource.com elcome to w3resource.com elcom Welcome to m
View the example in the browser
Example - 2 :
<?php
$string1="Welcome to w3resource.com";
echo $string1;
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,0,-1);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,3,-3);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,4,-4);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,-3,-2);
echo '<br>';
?>
Output :
Welcome to w3resource.com Welcome to w3resource.co come to w3resource. ome to w3resource c
View the example in the browser
Example - 3 :
<?php
$string1="Welcome to w3resource.com";
echo $string1;
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,-1);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,-4);
echo '<br>';
echo substr($string1,-5,1);
?>
Output :
Welcome to w3resource.com m .com e
View the example in the browser
See also
Previous: substr_replace
Next: trim
PHP: Tips of the Day
In PHP, there are two versions of logical AND and OR operators.
Operator | True if |
---|---|
$a and $b | Both $a and $b are true |
$a && $b | Both $a and $b are true |
$a or $b | Either $a or $b is true |
$a || $b | Either $a or $b is true |
Note that the && and || opererators have higher precedence than and and or. See table below:
Evaluation | Result of $e | Evaluated as |
---|---|---|
$e = false || true | True | $e = (false || true) |
$e = false or true | False | ($e = false) or true |
Because of this it's safer to use && and || instead of and and or.
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